Bronchiectasis

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Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition characterized by the permanent widening and damage of the airways (bronchi). This abnormal widening causes the airways to lose their ability to clear mucus properly, leading to a build-up that can result in repeated infections and inflammation. Over time, this cycle of infection and inflammation further damages the lung tissue, leading to worsening symptoms.

1. What is a Symptoms of bronchiectasis?

2. Chronic cough with large amounts of mucus (sputum)

3. Frequent respiratory infections

4. Shortness of breath

5. Wheezing

6. Chest pain

7. Fatigue

8. Coughing up blood (in severe cases)

9. Causes of bronchiectasis

Causes of bronchiectasis can vary, but the condition often develops after lung infections, such as pneumonia or tuberculosis. It can also be linked to conditions like cystic fibrosis, immune system disorders, and inflammatory diseases. In some cases, no clear cause is identified (idiopathic bronchiectasis).

Treatment for bronchiectasis focuses on managing symptoms, preventing infections, and improving quality of life. Key treatments include: 

• Antibiotics for infections
• Airway clearance techniques (such as chest physiotherapy)
• Mucolytic medications to thin mucus
• Inhaled bronchodilators to open airways
• Regular vaccinations to prevent respiratory infections In severe cases, surgery may be needed to remove damaged lung tissue.